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竞争性采购
竞争性采购Competitive Procurement
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tion) or immaterial (services) with appropriated funds, enabling all deemed responsible sources to compete in a fair and open environment. Competitive procurement is also known as full and open competition (FOC), or competitive solicitation.
竞争性采购是不论何种资产类型组织的采购(购买或租赁)合同,无论是有形的(如商品,产品获基建)还是无形的(服务),只要有足够的资金,可以让所有被认为是负责任的机构都能在公平开放的环境中进行竞争。竞争性采购也被叫做完全公开竞争(FOC),或者 竞争性报价。
While procurement is supposed to bring fairness, impartiality, transparency, and suitability to corporate practices, a competitive procurement process will ensure the highest level of openness, thus maximizing the suitability of the requested assets or services, and the best return on investment (ROI).
采购的目的是给公司管理体制带来公平,公正,透明和适合性,竞争性采购过程将确保最大限度的公开性从而最大化的适应所需求的资产和服务并且保证最好的投资回报。
Different Procurement Methods 不同的采购方式
There are several procurement methods that can be used to complete an acquisition. Let us define the difference between procurement methods and their supporting processes. A procurement method is the manner chosen to perform a contractual acquisition. Procurement methods could be any of the three following:
完成一个采购可以采用不同的采购方式,我们来说明一下采购方式和他们的支持程序之间的不同点。采购方式是进行合同采购时选择的一种类型,采购方式可能使下列三种中的任意一种:
1. Simplified acquisitions, like micro-purchases, small purchases; 简单采购,比如微型采购,小规模采购
2. Full and open competition (FOC), like bids, proposals; or 完全公开竞争,比如招标,建议书或
3. Other than full and open competition (OFOC), like sole source. 非完全公开竞争,如单一供应商
Simplified acquisitions procedures are the procurement methods used for acquisitions for which the amount does not exceed $2,500 for the micro-purchase threshold, and $100,000 for the small purchase threshold (FAR 2.101). Simplified acquisitions are equitably distributed among qualified suppliers in the local area, and purchases should not be split to avoid the requirements for competition above their respective thresholds. Minimal documentation is usually required, including a determination that the price is fair and reasonable; and material on how this determination was derived.
简单采购程序适用于数额在2500美元以上的采购的微型采购和数额在100,000美元以上的小规模采购(联邦采购法规2.101),简单采购在当地有资质的供应商之间进行平分,并且不得为了避免超出各自竞争力的要求而采取分批采购。通常要求提供必要的文件,包括公平合理的价格的决议和决议如何产
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